Explanation of Important Tournaments

1. FIFA cup: This cup is organized by “Federation of International Football Association”. It was established on may 21, 1904.

1. Durand Cup: It is the first tournament of football in India. This cup was started in 1888.
2. DCM Football Cup: This tournament was started in 1945 for the DCM Trophy.
3. Federation Cup: This tournament was started in 1977.
4. Subroto Cup: It is an inter- schools tournament of football.
5. Begum Hajrat Mahal Cup: It is a national level tournament of football for women.
6. Rajiv Gandhi Gold cup: It is a national level tournament of football for the boys below 21 years.
7. Santosh Trophy: It is a national level football tournament of India.
8. Olympic Games: Football was included in Olympic Games in 1908. Since then, football competition has become a part of these games.

Important Tournaments and Venues

Tournaments:
1. FIFA Cup (World cup)
2. International Nehru Gold cup
3. Asia cup
4. Merdeka Cup
5. Durand Cup
6. Rovers Cup
7. I.F.A. Shield
8. Santosh Trophy (National)
9. Federation Cup
10.DCM Cup
11. Subroto Cup
12. Kopa cup
13. Scissor cup
14. Kalinga Cup
15. Women Fedration Cup
16. Begum Hajrat Mahal Cup
17. Air lines Gold Cup
18. European Champions Cup
19. UEFA Cup
20. Lal Bahadur Shastri Trophy
21. Colombo Cup
22. Sanjay Gold Cup
23. Africa Cup
24. Rajiv Gandhi Cup
25. Euro Cup
26. Pacific Cup
27. Fair Play Trophy

Terminolgies of Football

Mid field, center, striker, pass, back pass, corner, forward, penalty kick, indirect kick, direct kick, free kick, dribble, extra time, foul, goal, off-side, scissors kick, banana kick, winger, sweeper, back, throw-in, volley, touch line, tie breaker, sudden death, corner flag, corner kick, fist, first half, second half, lob, tackle, hattrick, chip, fair charge, cross, kick off, goal kick, total football, golden goal, golden boot.

The brief description of some of the terms related to football is given below:
1. Loose ball: The ball, which is not under the control of any player during the game, is usually called loose ball.
2. Direct free kick: It is a free kick from which the kicker (player) may score from the initial contact.
3. Golden Goal: The goal, which is madein extra time is called golden goal.
4. Volley: To kick the ball before it bounces.
5. Throw in: The act of throwing the ball into play with both hands and from above the head after it has crossed one of the touch lines.
6. Scissor Kick: Kick made by jumping, raising one foot and kicking the ball with the other foot.
7. Loft: To kick the ball into the air is called loft.
8. Lob: To kick the ball high, usually into the goal month.
9. Dribble: To move the ball forward by light strokes.
10. Tackle: A technique used for tackling the ball away from opponent players.

Funadamental Skill of Football

1. Kicking:
(a) Toe kick
(b) Instep kick
(c) Outstep kick
(d) Low kick
(e) High kick
(f) Lofted kick

2. Ball control
3. Dribbling:
(a) Shift position dribbling
(b) Jaggle Dribbling
(c) Feint dribbling

4. Tackling:
(a) Front block tackling
(b) Sideway Tackling
(c) Interception Tackling
(d) Back Tackling

5. Trapping:
(a) Sole trap
(b) Inside foot trap
(c) Front step trap
(d) Outside foot trap
(e) Thigh trap
(f) Shin trap
(g) Chest trap
(h) Hollow trunk chest trap
(i) Head trap

6. Passing:
(a) Short passes
(b) Long passes
(c) Through passes

The brief description of some of the fundamentals of football is given below:

1. Short passes: Short passes are usually given to the team member who is very close. In these passes, instep or out step kick is given to the ball gently so that the team mate may collect the ball easily.
To learn this fundamental, regular practice is must.

2. Instep kick: For execution of instep kick, the non-striking foot should be brought alongside of the ball, slightly away from it.
The ball should be kicked with a relaxed forward swing of the kicking leg. This is executed after taking a few steps towards the ball. The ball should be contacted with the inside of the kicking foot. At this time, the body should be slightly in learning position. The head should be above the ball at the time of kicking, the eyes, knee and the ball should be in a straight line.

3. Outstep Kick: This kick is executed with the outside of the upper part of the toe. To do so, a slight twist of the foot to the right or left is required before striking the ball. Rest of the technique is the same as described in instep kick. This type of kicking is generally used in short distance passes.

4. Heading: Heading is an important skill which is used by players. To head a ball accurately, a player should judge the flight of the ball and wait for the proper time to take jump. When the ball comes near to the player he should take proper jump into the air and by bending his body backwards from the waist, he should strike the ball with a forward swing of his head. At this moment, his neck must remain stiff to prevent the neck injury. To learn this skill, one requires courage and hard practice.
5. Dribbling: For proper dribbling a player should use light strokes of his feet to direct the ball in a desired direction. For dribbling he may use inside or outside of his feet to control the ball. This can be done with one foot or change from one foot to another. The novice or the beginners should use the inside of his foot. He must tap the ball with front part of his foot while doing so, he should watch the ball and it should not be allowed to go far from his legs. He should take proper strides in coordination with the movement of the ball. He should not use hard strokes while dribbling. The practice of dribbling can be done by placing some obstacles in a straight line.

Some of the LEGENDRIES of football

Measurment of Football and specifications of game

Football:
1. Shape of the playfield - Rectangular
2. Length of the play field - 100 to 130 yards
3. Breadth of the playfield - 50 to 100 yards
4. Dimension of the playfield Maximum 110 m * 75 m
in international matches - Minimum 100 m * 64 m
5. Circumference of Football - 27” to 28”
6. Weight of Football - 14 to 16 ounces
7. Number of players - 11+7 (extra) = 18 players, if
16 players than 5 are extra.
8. How many players may be - 3
substituted in a match
9. Duration of matche - Two of 45 minutes each
10. Interval - 5 or 10 minutes
11. No. of Officials - 4(1 referee, 2 linesman, 1 table
official)
12. Height of goalpost - 2.44 m
13. Height of corner flag - 5 feet

General Rules of Football

lAtESt GeneRAl RuLEs Of FooTBall
1. The rule of 'sudden Death' has been implemented in football game.
2. Now, three players can be substituted from extra players in a match.
3. The goalkeeper can move on the goal line at the time of penalty kick.
4. Now, the "Golden Goal" rule has been implemented. The goal made during the extra time
15-15 minutes is called Golden Goal.
5. Now, the goalkeeper can run while holding the ball without bouncing it but he can do it
without any delay.
6. Now, there can be 18 players instead of 16 players, out of these, seven players are called
substitute players but if there are 16 players, the 5 players will be substitue players.

History of Football

The history of football begins from Egypt. In Egypt, Football was played by ball like round object by kicking it to the opposite Direction. It was played in China by the name of ‘Tsuchu’ during 300 B.C. to 500 A.D. The meaning of the word ‘Tuschu’ is ‘Kicking the ball’. This game was very popular among chinese soilder. In Egypt, football was known as ‘Harpaston’. In second century when romans conqured over Egypt this game become popular in romans also. Romans took it over to england when they conqured England. It also become popular in England as well as in neighbouring countries. This game was developed in england, that is why the credit of the beginning of modern football goes to England. Football became very popular in England in 12th Century. In those days ‘Great Football Day’ was celebrated on every Tuesday. On this day, all the business concerns in England used to be closed. In those days, a team consisted of approximately 100 players. In 1934 Edward II put a ban on football due to some reasons.
The first club of football named ‘Shefield Football Club’ in England on October 27, 1857. After that ‘London Football Association’ was formed in London in 1863. ‘Rugby Football Association’ was formed in 1871. The first competiton of football was also held in 1871. After that the first international football match was played between England and Scotland on 1st November, 1872. The first football organisation outside England was formed in Scotland in 1873. Later on, two organisation were formed in Wales and Ireland in 1876 and 1879 respectively. With the passage of time, some rules were formed such as the restriction was laid on touching the ball with the hands in 1864. The rules related to goal kick and corner kick were framed in 1874. The first goalpost was made in 1875. The whistel was first used by Referee in 1878. The prevailing function of lineman and referee were started in 1891. The net was first used in goalpost in 1892.
The off-side rule was changed in 1925. According to this rule, two defensive players instead of three players were compulsory between the goal and an attacking player. The uniform of different color was made compulsory for goalkeeper in 1909. FIFA(Fedration of International Football Association) was constitued to organise the international level football matches on May 21, 1904. England got the membership of FIFA in 1906. The organisation called ‘UEFA’ was constituted in Europe. Other federations of football like Africa, America and Asia were constituted in 1956, 1961, 1964 respectively.
Football was included in olympic games in 1908. The first World Cup Football (women) was held in 1991 in which America was declared the winner.
In India, Football is controlled by Indian Football Association. India participated first time in olympic games in 1948 and was defeated by France in the first round. At present, India is on 126th position in football at world level.